USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN AMINO ACIDS PRODUCTION INDUSTRY STARTED SINCE ABOUT 50 YEARS AGO. MARKET DEVELOPMENT HAS BEEN PARTICULARLY DYNAMIC FOR THE ANIMAL FEED AMINO ACIDS L-LYSINE, L-THREONINE, AND L-TRYPTOPHAN, WHICH ARE PRODUCED BY FERMENTATION PROCESSES USING HIGH-PERFORMANCE STRAINS OF CORYNEBACTERIUM GLUTAMICUM AND ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM SUGAR SOURCES SUCH AS MOLASSES, SUCROSE, OR GLUCOSE. NOWADAYS THE MARKET FOR AMINO ACIDS IN SYNTHESIS IS ALSO BECOMING INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT, WITH ANNUAL GROWTH RATES OF 5–7%. THE USE OF ENZYMES AND WHOLE CELL BIOCATALYSTS HAS PROVEN PARTICULARLY VALUABLE IN PRODUCTION OF BOTH PROTEINOGENIC AND NONPROTEINOGENIC L-AMINO ACIDS, D-AMINO ACIDS, AND PURED AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES, WHICH ARE OF GREAT INTEREST AS BUILDING BLOCKS FOR ACTIVE INGREDIENTS THAT ARE APPLIED AS PHARMACEUTICALS, COSMETICS, AND AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. NUTRITION AND HEALTH OF NATIONS WOULD BE BETTER WITH SUITABLE USE OF THE POTENTIAL OF MICROORGANISMS FOR AMINO ACIDS PRODUCTION.